Original Anderson Home built ~ early1860's
While the Andersons were building their new home in central Texas, tensions between the slave states and the free states had reached a level where the southern states were actually seceding from the United States of America. The Texas legislature voted to secede on February 1, 1861, making Texas one of the original Confederate States, including South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, and Louisiana. Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina joined the CSA after Civil War was declared on April 12, 1861.
Although there were few serious battles fought inland in Texas, there were hundreds of coastal skirmishes and naval battles along the Gulf coast, as Texans strove to maintain exports and imports of important commodities. The Texas economy was significantly constrained by naval and border blockades imposed by the Union forces. The State’s and the citizens’ new mission was to serve the Confederate cause. Military forts and encampments were established across the State, as well as hundreds of supply depots. Austin was one of twenty-one designated depots for collecting and shipping cloth and clothing donated for troops in the field. The agent appointed for that depot was W.H.D. Carrington, a leading attorney, preacher, and entrepreneur who will be mentioned several times in the foregoing chapters.[i]
[i] Winsor, Bill, Texas in the Confederacy: Military Installations, Economy, and People, (citing the Dallas Herald, September 18, 1861), Hill Jr. College Press, Hillsboro, Texas, 1987, p. 45.
Materials needed for producing powder would be gathered, managed and processed. Tooling and accessories used to produce, handle and store, charcoal, sulfur, and saltpeter would be purchased or manufactured offsite.
Charcoal production would have been a dominate operation at the mill site.
After the surrender of Lee’s forces in Virginia, Austin was left in a state of turmoil. Governor Pendleton Murrah and many other Confederates fled to Mexico. The “Treasury Guards,” an Austin militia, was formed to protect Austin until union forces arrived on June 24, 1865.
Thomas Anderson did not own the mill property outright until 1866, based on a deed provided by the Travis County Archives that documents the sale to Anderson by Nicholas Hays, W.H.D. Carrington, and John M. King.
The arrival of the railroad in Austin in 1871 contributed to growth in commerce and population.
Austin History Center Civil War & Reconstruction Resource Guide